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What is a likely complication for a patient post ascending aortic aneurysm repair who develops shortness of breath after ambulation?
Acute heart failure
Acute postoperative pneumonia
Pulmonary embolus
Routine postoperative pain
The correct answer is: Pulmonary embolus
When considering the complication of shortness of breath following an ascending aortic aneurysm repair, a pulmonary embolus is a highly plausible concern due to several risk factors associated with this procedure and the postoperative period. Patients undergoing significant surgical interventions on the heart or major vessels are often at increased risk for thromboembolic events due to factors such as decreased mobility, vessel manipulation, and potential for blood stasis. Additionally, the development of shortness of breath specifically after ambulation can indicate a sudden onset of respiratory distress, which aligns with the presentation of a pulmonary embolus. This condition occurs when blood clots or material travels to the pulmonary arteries, leading to obstruction and impaired gas exchange, which manifests as difficulty breathing. While acute heart failure and acute postoperative pneumonia are also valid postoperative concerns, the acute onset of symptoms immediately following activity tends to suggest a more immediate complication related to circulation, making pulmonary embolism a primary consideration. Routine postoperative pain is quite common and generally not associated with the sudden onset of shortness of breath post-ambulation. In conclusion, recognizing the interrelationship between the surgical procedure and the risk factors contributes significantly to identifying a pulmonary embolus as a likely complication when a patient exhibits shortness of breath after ambulation.